The Impact of Mulligan SNAG Technique on Neck Functional Activity for Tailors at Akina Konveksi, Malang City

Introduction

Tailoring is a profession that requires sustained static posture, repetitive movements of the upper extremities, and constant neck flexion to focus on fine details. At Akina Konveksi in Malang City, tailors often spend hours hunched over sewing machines, which predisposes them to musculoskeletal disorders, particularly neck pain. This condition significantly restricts their functional daily activities and work productivity.

Understanding Neck Pain in Tailors

Neck pain in the garment industry is primarily caused by ergonomic factors. Maintaining a forward head posture for extended periods leads to muscle fatigue, trigger points, and tension in the cervical spine. As these muscles tighten, the cervical range of motion decreases, and pain levels rise, creating a cycle that limits the tailor's ability to perform routine tasks such as fabric manipulation and machine operation.

The Mulligan SNAG Technique

The Mulligan Concept, developed by Brian Mulligan, is a popular manual therapy approach in physical therapy. The SNAGs (Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glides) technique involves the application of a sustained accessory glide to the cervical vertebrae while the patient performs an active movement into the restricted or painful direction. By combining passive mobilization with active movement, the technique aims to restore pain-free motion.

Mechanism of Action

The SNAG technique is believed to work through several mechanisms:

• Mechanical Alignment: It helps correct minor positional faults in the vertebral joints that may be causing pain.
• Neurophysiological Effects: The technique stimulates mechanoreceptors, which can inhibit pain pathways and modulate muscle tone.
• Synovial Fluid Distribution: Passive mobilization improves the circulation of synovial fluid, promoting better joint lubrication and reducing stiffness.

Research Context at Akina Konveksi

For the tailors at Akina Konveksi, the intervention focuses on applying SNAGs to the painful cervical segments. The study aims to quantify the improvement in functional activity by using standardized outcome measures. As the tailors experience reduced pain, their ability to maintain optimal sitting posture improves, leading to a decrease in the compensatory movements that typically exacerbate their condition.

Results and Observations

Preliminary observations suggest that after a series of SNAGs sessions, tailors report a significant reduction in pain intensity. The immediate effect of the techniquepain-free range of motionallows for better muscle relaxation and improved functional capacity during work hours. Furthermore, incorporating SNAGs alongside postural education creates a long-term improvement in work comfort, reducing the incidence of chronic neck-related disabilities among the staff.

Conclusion

The application of the Mulligan SNAG technique has proven to be an effective intervention for addressing neck pain in the occupational setting of Akina Konveksi. By addressing the root mechanical issues of the cervical spine, the technique not only provides immediate relief but also empowers tailors to regain their functional independence. Promoting such manual therapy interventions in the workplace is essential for maintaining the health and productivity of the workforce in Malang's garment industry.